In the novel “Permutation City” by Greg Egan, the character Peer achieves immortality within a virtual reality and finds himself bored, leading him to seek new passions. This dilemma raises the question: what is left for humanity to do when technology has solved all of our problems?
Philosopher Nick Bostrom, in his latest book “Deep Utopia”, explores the potential outcomes of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) development. One scenario he considers is a “post-scarcity” utopia where AI can perform all economically valuable work at near-zero cost, leading to a reduction in the need for human labor. This could result in a world where people have more leisure time to explore new experiences.
However, even in a post-scarcity utopia, there are limitations to economic expansion due to physical resources like land. Wealth may be concentrated in housing, and “positional goods” that boost status will continue to exist. Competition for such goods may persist, even in a world where AIs surpass humans in various fields like art and sports.
Bostrom also speculates on a “post-instrumental” world where AIs excel at tasks like parenting, challenging the notion that certain roles will always be reserved for humans. While some may find purpose in activities with intrinsic value, there is a risk that advanced technology could lead to a loss of purpose for individuals.
The concept of a “paradox of progress” arises, suggesting that as technology advances and life becomes easier, humans may struggle to find meaning and fulfillment. The idea that humans have unlimited wants and desires will be put to the test in an AI utopia, raising the question of whether endless variations of consumption can truly satisfy individuals.
Overall, Bostrom’s exploration of potential AI-driven futures prompts us to consider how society may evolve as technology progresses. While challenges such as maintaining purpose and meaning in a rapidly changing world may arise, there is also the opportunity for new and exciting experiences beyond our current understanding.
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